Protoplasm

 

Protoplasm is the living substance inside a cell, encompassing all the cellular components within the plasma membrane. It includes the cytoplasm, the nucleus, and all the organelles suspended within the cytoplasm. Essentially, protoplasm represents the "living" part of the cell, distinct from the cell wall in plant cells or the surrounding membrane in animal cells. 

Key components of protoplasm:

·         Cytoplasm: The fluid within the cell that houses the organelles. 

·         Nucleus: The control center of the cell, containing the genetic material (DNA). 

·         Organelles: Specialized structures within the cytoplasm that perform specific functions, such as ribosomes, mitochondria, and vacuoles. 

In simpler terms: Protoplasm is the jelly-like substance inside a cell where all the cell's activities take place, like in a small factory where different "machines" (organelles) work to keep the cell alive.